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Phases of The Moon

The Moon is one of the easiest celestial objects to observe and, assuming the weather is good, can be viewed by almost anyone, anywhere in the country. Observing the Moon over consecutive nights will show small changes int eh area of the Moon illuminated by the Sun. These changes are commonly referred to as phases, with the Moon being in a certain phases for a few days. The important concept is not so much the name of the phases but why the illuminated area of the Moon changes each day and this is what this web simulation seeks to show.

This activity is part of our live SpacewardBound sessions delivered in schools across New Zealand.

Earth & Space Science

Why is this good to know

The changing appearance of the Moon throughout the month is one of the most noticeable occurrences in the sky. Understanding how it works gives students confidence to predict the appearance of the Moon throughout the month and an understanding of how the Moon orbits the Earth.

Learning outcomes

Students will be able to describe why the Moon appears to change shape throughout the month.
__________
Explain that Moon phases are caused by the changing relative positions of the Earth and Moon to the Sun.
__________
Relate the Moon's position in its orbit to the phase observed from Earth.
__________
Recognise that half of the Moon is always illuminated by the Sun.

Prior knowledge

Students should know that the Moon orbits the Earth and is illuminated by the Sun, and we are seeing that reflected light on the Earth.

The Moon is one of the most recognisable celestial objects. Its subtle changes in appearance over the course of a month are often observed, and it’s hard to beat the stunning spectacle of a Full Moon rising on the horizon. Understanding why the Moon’s appearance changes opens up a basic understanding of celestial mechanics. The simulation below models changes in the Moon’s appearance over a month and allows the user to position the time at any point during one orbit of the Moon around the Earth, with respect to the Sun, using the slider.

We take concepts like this and turn them into interactive, hands-on learning experiences students actually understand.

We’ve worked with 200+ schools and 40,000+ students,
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Want to bring this experience into your classroom?

This activity is part of our live SpacewardBound sessions delivered directly in schools. We run it as a full interactive experience using our mobile planetarium and hands-on activities.

Used by schools across New Zealand

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